地球同步轨道高压太阳电池阵充放电效应研究

地球同步轨道(GEO)高压太阳电池阵表面静电放电(ESD)引起二次放电可能导致太阳电池阵永久性短路损坏。文章主要针对GEO高压太阳电池阵充放电效应问题,重点分析了高压太阳电池阵表面ESD和二次放电产生的物理过程,并利用负高压偏置方法开展了GEO高压太阳电池阵表面ESD和二次放电地面模拟试验。试验验证了反转电位梯度电场是导致GEO高压太阳电池阵表面产生ESD的触发因素之一,同时得到了GaAs高压太阳电池阵样品表面产生ESD和二次放电的电压阈值。     

载人飞船泄复压过程中轨道舱的噪声环境试验研究

为了考察航天员对载人飞船泄复压过程中轨道舱内噪声环境的适应性,在KM6水平舱进行了相应的模拟试验,对轨道舱中的噪声环境进行了试验测量与研究.试验结果及航天员的实际感受表明,泄复压过程中轨道舱内的噪声环境满足要求,产生的噪声对航天员不会造成伤害.     

火星探测器使命轨道捕获策略研究

分析了火星探测器使命轨道捕获策略研究需求,给出了三种可用的典型捕获策略,建立了速度纵向平面内的飞行动力学方程,对三种典型策略进行了飞行动力学仿真,给出了各策略完成捕获所需速度增量、任务耗时及过。通过对仿真结果的分析比较,得出研究结论为：直接制动捕获任务耗时及过载较小,但速度增量需求较大;多次穿越后捕获任务耗时较长,但速度增量需求和过载较小;一次穿越后捕获速度增量需求较小且任务耗时较短,但过载较大。     

动能拦截器助推段导引方案研究

针对大气层外高速飞行的目标, 提出了一种可用于动能拦截器助推段的导引方法.建立了拦截器和目标的运动模型, 在分析可拦截约束条件的基础上推导出转移轨道计算方法, 同时通过对拦截器可发射区域中的转移轨道优化得到满足约束条件的有效发射区域, 并以点火时刻待增速度为性能指标来寻优计算获得发射参数.仿真结果表明, 该方法能有效实现拦截器助推段的制导控制.      

AOS虚拟信道链路控制器和VCDU合路器的设计实现

在深入研究高级在轨系统(AOS)标准和对星载数据系统进行分析的基础上,设计实现了AOS虚拟信道链路控制器和虚拟信道数据单元(VCDU)合路器。该设计采用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)实现高级在轨系统虚拟信道链路控制(VCLC)子层的位流业务和虚拟信道存取(VCA)子层的VCA业务,完成了位流协议数据单元(B_PDU)的构造,VCDU的组装、调度、填充和定界等功能,实现了对整星数据流的统一管理。在卫星的星载数据系统设计中,将有效载荷数据和航天器平台数据合一,形成统一数据流,可以节约频率资源,支持宽带数据传输、实现整星数据流的统一管理,使整个系统更灵活、更开放、更有效,提高卫星的自主管理能力。     

移动载体上天线工作角域分析

静止轨道卫星与地球上移动载体间的数据通信时,要求移动载体在运动中始终保持通信链路信号不中断。从移动载体看卫星的仰角和方位角随移动载体在地球上的位置及其自身的姿态(方位,俯仰,滚动)而变,因此要求载体上天线既具有极宽的辐射方向图特性和良好的圆极化特性。按静止轨道卫星定点位置、载体工作地域、载体运动中姿态角(方位角、俯仰角、滚动角)变化范围,导出移动载体上天线实际需要的工作角域,为载体上天线辐射特性的设计给出了依据。     

Magnetospheric disturbances associated with the 13 December 2006 solar flare and their ionospheric effects over North-East Asia

We present an observational study of magnetospheric and ionospheric disturbances during the December 2006 intense magnetic storm associated with the 4В/Х3.4 class solar flare. To perform the study we utilize the ground data from North–East Asian ionospheric and magnetic observatories (60–72°N, 88–152°E) and in situ measurements from LANL, GOES, Geotail and ACE satellites. The comparative analysis of ionospheric, magnetospheric and heliospheric disturbances shows that the interaction of the magnetosphere with heavily compressed solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field caused the initial phase of the magnetic storm. It was accompanied by the intense sporadic E and F2 layers and the total black-out in the nocturnal subauroral ionosphere. During the storm main phase, LANL-97A, LANL 1994_084, LANL 1989-046 and GOES_11 satellites registered a compression of the dayside magnetosphere up to their orbits. In the morning–noon sector the compression was accompanied by an absence of reflections from ionosphere over subauroral ionospheric station Zhigansk (66.8°N, 123.3°E), and a drastic decrease in the F2 layer critical frequency (foF2) up to 54% of the quite one over subauroral Yakutsk station (62°N, 129.7°E). At the end of the main phase, these stations registered a sharp foF2 increase in the afternoon sector. At Yakutsk the peak foF2 was 1.9 time higher than the undisturbed one. The mentioned ionospheric disturbances occurred simultaneously with changes in the temperature, density and temperature anisotropy of particles at geosynchronous orbit, registered by the LANL-97A satellite nearby the meridian of ionospheric and magnetic measurements. The whole complex of disturbances may be caused by radial displacement of the main magnetospheric domains (magnetopause, cusp/cleft, plasma sheet) with respect to the observation points, caused by changes in the solar wind dynamic pressure, the field of magnetospheric convection, and rotation of the Earth.     

GNSS-R concept extended by a fine orbit tuning

Small changes in semimajor axis of the orbits selected for the GNSS-R [R as Reflectometry] satellites, so-called fine orbit tuning, known from the ESA’s Gravity and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer mission, can dramatically increase the number of nadir and off-nadir reflecting points and, in turn, can enhance the capability of the concept of bistatic altimetry (GNSS Reflectometry) without additional costs. The application of our suggestion is feasible for a satellite which will be equipped by thrusters for the orbit keeping. During the mission lifetime several orbit tunings are feasible, just to transfer from one to another orbit. Then we can study short-periodic or longer-periodic features, according to scientific goals defined for the mission. The shortest cycles (few days), corresponding to the required revisit time (defined by ESA), may be subcycles of much longer cycles (repeat periods).     

聚酰亚胺/无机氧化物复合薄膜的制备与耐原子氧性能

分别以锆酸四丁酯、钛酸四丁酯和正硅酸乙酯为氧化物前驱体,利用溶胶凝胶法制备了一系列聚酰亚胺/无机氧化物复合薄膜,在原子氧地面模拟设备中进行了原子氧暴露实验,原子氧累计通量约为3.1×10²⁰ atom/cm².分别考察了无机氧化物种类和含量对复合薄膜力学性能和耐原子氧性能的影响.结果表明,无机氧化物在聚酰亚胺基体中的分散形态对其力学性能影响很大;原子氧暴露后,聚酰亚胺薄膜表面分别形成了富锆、富钛和富硅的保护层,质量损失率减小,耐原子氧性能明显提高.     

提高零控脱靶量预测精度的一种方法

对于大气层外拦截问题中以零控脱靶量(ZEM-zero effort miss)作为指标的预测制导方法,其ZEM的预测精度直接影响到最终的拦截任务.在线性化平方反比引力模型下,给出了基于目标轨道坐标系的ZEM预测算法,导出ZEM发生条件,并提出一种提高ZEM预测精度的方法,即通过初值轨道角速率的选取可明显改善算法的预测精度.同时将该算法与地心赤道惯性坐标系下的ZEM预测算法进行了比较研究,数学仿真结果表明该预测算法精度较高,具有一定的工程应用价值.